The Positive Impact of Conservation on Big Island Hawaii’s Wildlife and Ecosystems

Big Island Hawaii is a treasure trove of natural wonders, with some of the most diverse and unique wildlife and ecosystems in the world. From the snow-capped peaks of Mauna Kea to the coral reefs of Maui Nui, from the lush rainforests of Hilo to the lava fields of Kilauea, Big Island Hawaii hosts a high percentage of endemic species found nowhere else on Earth¹. However, these wildlife and ecosystems are also facing serious threats from habitat loss, invasive species, climate change, and human activities. That’s why conservation efforts are crucial to protect and enhance Big Island Hawaii’s natural heritage and ensure its survival for future generations. Here are some of the positive impacts of conservation on Big Island Hawaii’s wildlife and ecosystems:

• Conservation restores and improves native watershed function and biodiversity. Watersheds are areas of land that drain water into streams, rivers, lakes, or oceans. They provide vital services such as water supply, flood control, erosion prevention, and habitat for wildlife. However, watersheds in Big Island Hawaii have been degraded by deforestation, agriculture, urbanization, and invasive species. Conservation projects such as reforestation, fencing, weed control, and native plant restoration help to restore and improve the health and function of native watersheds and support the biodiversity of native flora and fauna².
• Conservation reduces the extinction risk for endemic bird species. Big Island Hawaii is home to many endemic bird species, such as the nene (Hawaiian goose), the palila (a honeycreeper), and the kiwikiu (Maui parrotbill). These birds are part of Hawai‘i’s unique evolutionary history and cultural identity. However, they are also among the most endangered birds in the world, facing threats from habitat loss, predation by non-native animals, disease transmission by mosquitoes, and competition from invasive plants. Conservation efforts such as captive breeding, translocation, predator control, habitat management, and disease prevention help to reduce the extinction risk for these endemic bird species and increase their population size and distribution².
• Conservation fosters healthy coral reef ecosystems. Coral reefs are underwater structures made of calcium carbonate secreted by corals. They are among the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth, providing food, shelter, nursery grounds, and tourism revenue for millions of people. However, coral reefs in Big Island Hawaii are under stress from overfishing, pollution, sedimentation, bleaching, disease, and ocean acidification. Conservation initiatives such as marine protected areas, community-based management, reef monitoring and restoration, and sustainable fishing practices help to foster healthy coral reef ecosystems that are resilient to environmental stressors and support a rich diversity of marine life¹.

Conservation is not only good for Big Island Hawaii’s wildlife and ecosystems but also for its people and economy. By conserving Big Island Hawaii’s natural resources, we can ensure their availability and quality for present and future generations. We can also enjoy the beauty and benefits of nature while respecting its intrinsic value and cultural significance. Conservation is a shared responsibility that requires collaboration among government agencies, non-government organizations, private landowners, local communities, and visitors. Together, we can make a positive difference for Big Island Hawaii’s wildlife and ecosystems.

Source:
(1) Hawai‘i Conservation Program | NFWF. https://www.nfwf.org/programs/hawaii-conservation-program.
(2) Division of Forestry and Wildlife: Native Ecosystems Protection …. https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/ecosystems/.
(3) Hawaiʻi Wildlife Center among 8 nonprofits to receive … – Big Island Now. https://bigislandnow.com/2022/10/12/hawai%ca%bbi-wildlife-center-among-8-nonprofits-to-receive-environmental-grants-from-hawaiian-electric/.
(4) Division of Forestry and Wildlife: Native Ecosystems Protection …. https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/ecosystems/nars/.
(5) Conservation Council for Hawaii | Hawai‘i’s voice for wildlife. http://www.conservehawaii.org/.